International generic name Pethidine
Drug form and composition Solution for injection. One ampoule of 2 ml (2%) contains 100 mg (50 mg/ml) Pethidine hydrochloride.
Indications The preparation is used in patients with severe pain in malignant diseases, large traumatic injuries, surgery, acute spasm of the smooth muscle organs, as well as before surgery.
Dosage and administration The preparation is applied parenterally - intramuscularly, subcutaneous or intravenously. The intramuscularly application is advisable; subcutaneous injection leads to local irritation and pain. As an analgesic medicine in adults Lydol is used intramuscularly or subcutaneous, 50-150 mg in 2-3-hours intervals if necessary. As an intravenous infusion the preparation (advisable by infusion pump) is used in dose 15-35 mg per hour. Preoperatively it is administered intramuscularly in dose 50-100 mg, 30-90 minutes before the anesthesia. Lydol could be applied intravenously also in the same dose, diluted in ration 1mg Lydol per milliliter solution. In children, as an analgesic preparation, Lydol is applied in dose 1.1-1.76 mg per kg body weight, but up to 100 mg every 3-4 hours, if necessary. Preoperatively the preparation is used in dose 1-2.2 mg per kg body weight, but the dose should not exceed 100 mg, given 30-90 minutes before the anesthesia.
Contraindications The preparation should not be used in hypersensitivity; acute respiratory insufficiency or depression; severe neural system depression; chronic heart failure and rhythm disorders; chronic pulmonary diseases; increased intracranial pressure; severe cranial injuries; brain neoplasm; alcohol delirium; convulsions; diarrhea in pseudomembranous colitis; acute abdomen; asthmatic attack; pregnancy and lactation. Lydol should not be used in drivers and machinery operating persons.
Special warnings and precautions Lydol should be used with care in following conditions: mental disorders, accompanied with suicide thoughts; following gastrointestinal surgery; liver dysfunction; hypothyroidism; inflammatory intestinal diseases; prostatic gland hypertrophy or urinary tract obstruction; following urinary tract surgery; renal dysfunction and reduced respiratory reserve. The preparation should be applied with exceptional care on elderly patients or patients with mental retardation, as well as on children younger than 2 years. In long-term treatment Lydol leads to mental and physical dependence. The drug should not be used simultaneously with alcohol.
Drug interactions Lydol potentiates the action of the anticholinergic medicines, glycocorticsteroids and antidepressants. It increases the central depressive action of the barbiturate and phenothiazine derivatives.
Adverse reactions Headache, dizziness, collapse; xerostomia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation; bronchial spasm; oliguria; urine retention, and glycosuria; allergy rash.
Pharmacological mechanisms Lydol, being a synthetic phenylpiperidine derivative, belongs to the group of narcotic analgesics. It possesses a prominent analgesic effect, which is shorter and weaker compared with morphine, but occurs more quickly. It exerts a spasmolytic effect, realized by direct myotrope and cholinolytic activity. Its analgesic effect is due to an activation of the opioid receptors in CNS, which leads to inhibition of the enzyme adenylatcyclase, potassium channel opening and inhibiting of the calcium influx. In long-term administration it leads to accustoming and addiction, due to the euphoric effect on the patient.
Supplied 10 or 50 ampoules of 2 ml (100 mg).
Expiry 5 years |