PYMADIN®
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CHEMICAL NAME
4-aminopyridine, 4-aminopyridine hydrochloride
ATC Code: NO7A
DRUG FORM AND CONTENT OF ACTIVE SUBSTANCE
Solution for injection containing 10 mg 4-aminopyridine
hydrochloride in 2 ml
PROPERTIES
4-aminopyridine is a parasympathomimetic agent with anti-curare and
analeptic effect. It antagonizes the effect of non-depolarizing
myorelaxants, the myorelaxing effect of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
The drug antagonizes the action of ganglioblockers and the
inhibitory action of general anesthetics on the central nervous
system.
The mechanism of action of 4-aminopyridine is associated with
intensified release of acetylcholine and enhanced sensitivity of the
postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular synapses to the mediator.
4-aminopyridine facilitates mono- and polysynaptic reflexes in the
central nervous system. The drug has not anticholinesterase action.
PHARMACOKINETIC DATA
The drug crosses the blood-brain and skin barriers, hence it has
peripheral and central effects. The maximum effect of the drug is
manifested 5-10 min after its injection and lasts for 60 - 150 min,
depending the dose administered.
INDICATIONS
4-aminopyridine is used to eliminate the neuromuscular block induced
by non-depolarizing myorelaxants. It is intravenously administered.
It is administered orally and intravenously in a series of
neurological disorders: multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis,
congenital myasthenia, Eaton-Lampert syndrome, spinal cord injury,
Verapamil overdose, Alzheimer's disease and for antagonizing the
neuromuscular block, to patients with botilism. It is
ionophoretically applied in the treatment of neuritis and neuralgia
with traumatic, toxic and infectious ethnology.
ADMINISTRATION AND DOSAGE
It is administered intravenously in a dose of 20 mg as an antagonist
of peripheral neuromuscular blockers and in the case of insufficient
effect, it can be administered additionally in a dose of 10 mg. It
is ionophoretically applied in peripheral neuritie and neuralgia.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
4-aminopyrydine is not indicated for conditions associated with
enhanced neuromuscular excitability, severe disorders of the renal
and hepatic functions, and in case of hypersensitivity to the drug.
APPLICATOIN DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION
No sufficient clinical observations have been carried out concerning
the safety of the drug when administered to pregnant women and
breast-feeding mothers.
SIDE EFFECTS
Allergic reactions may occur with the administration of the drug.
DRUG INTERACTIONS OF CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
With simultaneous intravenous administration with galanthamine,
their anticurare action is mutually potentiated.
PRECAUTIONS AND WARNINGS
No preliminary atropinization of the patients is needed for the de-curarization
by 4-aminopyridine. Only in case of bradycardia, atropine is
administered in advance.
STORAGE
At temperature from 15° to 30°C
SUPPLIED
Boxes of 10 and 100 ampoules of 10 mg 4-aminopyridine.
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