International generic name Calcium gluconate Calcium levulinate
Drug form and composition Solution for injection. One ampoule of 10 ml contains: 760 mg Calcium gluconate (76 mg/ml); 164 mg Calcium levulinate (16.4 mg/ml) - calcium ion equivalent 89.4 mg (8.94 mg/ml).
Indications In cases with acute hypocalcemia; hyperkalemia; hypermagnesemia; electrolyte dysbalanse; cardiac arrest.
Dosage and administration In adult patients the solution is administered as a slow intravenous injection in dose 10-20 ml, as the dose may be repeated if necessary. In children the dosage is 2-5 ml intravenously. Intravenous injection should be made slowly - 5 ml for 3-5 minutes, and the patient should be in supine position.
Contraindications The preparation should not be administered in patients with primary or secondary hypercalcemia; hypercalciuria; renal stones with calcium deposits; sarcoidosis; renal failure; intoxication with digitalis.
Special warnings and precautions Intravenous drug administration should be made slowly and very carefully with blood pressure monitoring. Blood calcium level and calcium excretion should be monitored in case high dose of preparation are administered parenterally, particularly in chronic renal diseases and in pediatric patients. The preparation should be used with exceptionally attention in following cases: dehydration, history for nephrolythiasis, cardiac or renal disorders, ventricular fibrilation during a cardiopulmonal resuscitation. The preparation should be administered with particularly care in pregnant and nursing women. After an intravenous injection the patient should not drive for several hours.
Drug interactions Absorbtion of the calcium is reduced by following compounds: coffeine, nicotine, antiacid preparations, and is increased by estrogenes, vitamin A, vitamin D, magnesium. Calcium salts reduce absorbtion of the tetracyclines. Concomitant administration of the preparation with cardiac glycosides enhances the risk of arrhythmias.
Adverse reactions Usually adverse reactions are seen in calcium overdosage. Clinical manifestation includes constipation, mouth drying, headache, anxiety, thirst, appetite loss, depression, metal taste, fatigue, and weakness. In fast parenteral injection nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bradicardia, hypotension and, rarely, collapse may appear.
Pharmacological mechanisms Calcium is a basic element of the human organism and occurs in most high concentrations in the bones and the teeth (99%). In lower concentrations calcium occurs in the extracellular fluid and cellular cytoplasm. Calcium ion plays an important physiology role and is necessary for the morphology and the functional integrity of the neural, muscular and skeletal systems. It plays an important role in the normal functioning of the heart, kidneys, respiratory system, bones, blood coagulation (clothing factor IV), and permeability of the cell membrane also. It possesses prominent antiallergic action. The regulation of the serum level of the calcium is realized by the parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D.
Supplied 50 ampoules of 10 ml.
Expiry 2 years. |